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Skin diseases
Wart is a skin disease caused by human papillomavirus infection. It is usually infected through skin contact. People in any age can suffer from warts. If warts are neglected, they might continue to grow and infected other parts of the body. The virus has an incubation period of up to 12 months. Treatment included topical therapy, cryotherapy, laser therapy, electrocautery and surgical excision. Details…
Epidermoid cysts
Epidermoid cysts are caused by the abnormal growth of the epidermal cells in the dermis. It occurs mostly on the face, neck and trunk. They are characterized by the white creamy malodorous contents in the cysts. The epidermoid cysts should be excised if they often get inflammation or infection. Details…
Molluscum contagiosum
Molluscum contagiosum is a common skin disease which is caused by the poxvirus. It happens mostly in early childhood. The main route of infection is direct contact with the infected skin, or indirect contact by a shared towel or other items. Molluscum contagiosum has an incubation period ranging from two weeks to six months. Details…
Eczema/Dermatitis
Eczema is a very common skin disease. Its symptoms are mainly itchy, dry skin and rash. Eczema can be divided into acute or chronic, and can also be classified as atopic eczema, irritating contact dermatitis, sensitive contact dermatitis, discoid dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, etc…Details…
There are many types of skin cancers, namely basal cell skin cancer, squamous cell skin cancer and malignant melanoma. The occurrence of skin cancer is closely related to the excessive exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light. Therefore, adequate sun protection measures can effectively prevent skin cancers. Details…
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammation of the skin. It is characterized by red, silver scaly raised plaque with a distinctive margin. There are many causes of psoriasis, of which genetic factors are particularly important. Psoriasis can be classified as early-onset, late-onset, acute, chronic, psoriasis with nail involvement, etc… Details…
Urticaria
Urticaria, also known as hives, can be classified as acute or chronic. Urticaria is a very common skin disease, and about 20% of people have had acute urticaria. People with atopic diseases such as eczema, asthma, allergic rhinitis are especially prone to urticaria. It occurs due to the release of histamine and cytokines by mast cells in the skin. However, in many cases, the cause is unknown. Other possible causes include viral infection, bacterial infection, food sensitivity, drug sensitivity or mosquito bites. Details…
The main feature of rosacea is erythema, pustules and rhinophyma. Patients also experience blush or flush frequently. They may get burning and stinging sensation readily. Sun exposure, hot drinks and spicy food can aggravate the skin condition. Patients with rosacea can have sensitive skin – especially with cosmetics and sunscreens. Details…
There are many types of fungus infections in the skin. One of the most common forms is on the soles of the feet, so called tinea pedis. Patients with tinea pedis sometimes get fungal nail infection at the same time. Fungal infection of the skin can happen on the trunk, scalp and hands. The diagnosis can usually be made clinically. Treatments for fungal infections include topical and oral medication. Details…
Hair loss
Male pattern baldness (androgenetic alopecia) is the most common causes of adult male hair loss. It is mostly due to genetics and the male hormones. It is characterized by sparse hairs at the top of the head and receding frontal hairline. Women can also have this similar hair loss, however the hair loss usually occurs on the top of the scalp.
Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata often has a sudden onset. It commonly affect the scalp, but can appear anywhere in the body, including eyebrows, eyelashes and armpits. It can affect men and women of any age. Alopecia areata is also known as autoimmune hair loss and the causes are unknown.
Aesthetic medicine
Skin Pigmentation
Common skin pigmentation problems include freckles, solar lentigos, melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, Naevus of Ota etc… They are sometimes related to exposure of ultraviolet rays in the sunlight. Melasma can be related to female hormone especially when it occur during pregnancy.
Naevus/Mole removal
A mole is also known as melanocytic naevus is a benign skin condition due to the accumulation of melanocytes. Only those clinically benign-looking moles can be safely removed by destructive methods such as CO2 laser. Larger moles may require surgical excision to achieve better cosmetic outcomes and reduce the risk of recurrence. Details…
Acne scars
The causes of acne scars are due to the damage of skin from severe acne nodules and pustules. When there is loss of collagen fibers in the dermis, the skin would try to repair by producing new collagen fibers. Too little collagen being produced in the repair process would give indentations known as ice-pick scars and rolling scars, while too much collagen would give lumps of scar tissues know as keloids and hypertrophic scars. Post-inflammatory colour changes such as red, brown and white mark can be resulted from severe acne.
Wrinkles
Skin tone irregularity
Skin tone irregularity can be caused by exposure to ultraviolet rays in sunlight or as a result of pigmentary changes after inflammation.
Skin laxity
Skin laxity can be caused by loss of collagen and elastin fibres in ageing skin. This results in brow ptosis, eyelid ptosis, jowls and loss of neckline. The use of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) which target at different levels of the skin to stimulate the contraction of collagen fibers and stimulate the growth of new collagen. Details…